2. The amino acid glutamate is synthesized from a-ketoglutarate, a catalytic intermediate in the citric acid cycle. In order for glutamate to be synthesized without depleting citric acid cycle intermediates, more carbon must be added to the cycle to make excess a-ketoglutarate. a. Describe the net synthesis of a-ketoglutarate from pyruvate in which no citric acid cycle intermediates are depleted. You must show how pyruvate can be used to introduce more carbons into the citric acid cycle than are lost (don't overlook CO₂).

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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2. The amino acid glutamate is synthesized from a-ketoglutarate, a catalytic intermediate in the citric acid
cycle. In order for glutamate to be synthesized without depleting citric acid cycle intermediates, more
carbon must be added to the cycle to make excess a-ketoglutarate.
a.
Describe the net synthesis of a-ketoglutarate from pyruvate in which no citric acid cycle intermediates
are depleted. You must show how pyruvate can be used to introduce more carbons into the citric acid
cycle than are lost (don't overlook CO₂).
Transcribed Image Text:2. The amino acid glutamate is synthesized from a-ketoglutarate, a catalytic intermediate in the citric acid cycle. In order for glutamate to be synthesized without depleting citric acid cycle intermediates, more carbon must be added to the cycle to make excess a-ketoglutarate. a. Describe the net synthesis of a-ketoglutarate from pyruvate in which no citric acid cycle intermediates are depleted. You must show how pyruvate can be used to introduce more carbons into the citric acid cycle than are lost (don't overlook CO₂).
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